This article discusses the risks associated with misconfigured Jenkins instances in CI/CD pipelines, highlighting a specific case where an exposed Jenkins service led to unauthorized access and severe security vulnerabilities. The findings from CloudSEK’s BeVigil underscore the potential consequences of such misconfigurations, including remote code execution, credential theft, and regulatory risks. Affected: Jenkins, Production Servers, Cloud Infrastructure, Data Protection Regulations
Keypoints :
- Exposed Jenkins instance allowed unauthorized access to critical servers.
- Remote Code Execution (RCE) was possible, enabling attackers to execute commands.
- Attackers could compromise Production and UAT servers across various environments.
- Sensitive credentials like AWS keys and BitBucket tokens were exposed.
- Access to Personally Identifiable Information (PII) of customers and employees was obtained.
- Immediate remedial actions included server isolation, credential rotation, and enhanced access controls.
- Utilizing security tools like BeVigil is essential for proactive threat mitigation.
MITRE Techniques :
- TA0001 – Initial Access: Exploiting misconfigured Jenkins service to gain unauthorized access to servers.
- TA0050 – Execution: Attacker executed unauthorized commands through Remote Code Execution (RCE).
- TA0003 – Persistence: Attackers gained persistence by manipulating software deployments across servers.
- TA0010 – Exfiltration: Exfiltrated sensitive data including API tokens and secrets from compromised servers.
- TA0007 – Credential Access: Theft of hardcoded AWS access keys and database credentials.
- TA0011 – Impact: Triggering compliance violations and potential regulatory fines due to exposure of PII.
Indicator of Compromise :
- [Domain] jenkins.instance.exposed
- [Cloud Credentials] AWS access keys
- [Cloud Credentials] Redis database credentials
- [Token] BitBucket authentication tokens
- [PII] Customer addresses and location coordinates
Full Story: https://www.cloudsek.com/blog/how-an-exposed-jenkins-instance-led-to-a-full-scale-infrastructure-compromise